Yıllık 1923

Guided by Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and united under the principle set forth in the Amasya Circular—”The nation’s independence will be secured by its own determination and will”—the Turkish people declared their unwavering resolve to live free and independent. Under the banner of the National Struggle, they lit the torch of independence and, with a spirit of unity that resonated across the world, waged a historic struggle for survival. This movement culminated in a decisive victory, resulting in the founding of the Republic of Türkiye.

Prepared to commemorate the centennial of the Republic’s proclamation, the 1923 Almanac offers a panoramic view of major developments in Türkiye and around the world during this pivotal year. Drawing on primary sources, the book sheds light on the political, social, economic, and cultural dynamics of the time. Key topics from Türkiye include the population exchange, the İzmir Economic Congress, Mustafa Kemal Paşa’s domestic tours, the formation of the second Grand National Assembly, the Lausanne Conference and Treaty, Vecihi Hürkuş’s pioneering aircraft designs, the liberation of Istanbul, the designation of Ankara as the capital, and the proclamation of the Republic.

Alongside domestic developments, the book also highlights a selection of significant and intriguing global events from the same year.

This volume not only revisits the historical milestones of 1923 but also serves as an essential resource for anyone seeking to understand the foundational years of the Republic of Türkiye through a modern lens.